An Introduction to Hypothesis Testing

Hypothesis testing is a topic at the heart of statistics. This technique belongs to a realm known as inferential statistics. Researchers from all sorts of different areas, such as psychology, marketing, and medicine, formulate hypotheses or claims about a population being studied. The ultimate goal of the research is to determine the validity of these claims. Carefully designed statistical experiments obtain sample data from the population. The data is in turn used to test the accuracy of a hypothesis concerning a population. The Rare Event Rule Hypothesis tests are based upon the field of mathematics known as probability. Probability gives us a way to quantify how likely it is for an event to occur. The underlying assumption for all inferential statistics deals with rare events, which is why probability is used so extensively. The rare event rule states that if an assumption is made and the probability of a certain observed event is very small, then the assumption is most likely incorrect. The basic idea here is that we test a claim by distinguishing between two different things: An event that easily occurs by chance.An event that is highly unlikely to occur by chance. If a highly unlikely event occurs, then we explain this by stating that a rare event really did take place, or that the assumption we started with was not true. Prognosticators and Probability As an example to intuitively grasp the ideas behind hypothesis testing, we’ll consider the following story. It’s a beautiful day outside so you decided to go on a walk. While you are walking you are confronted by a mysterious stranger. â€Å"Do not be alarmed,† he says, â€Å"this is your lucky day. I am a seer of seers and a prognosticator of prognosticators. I can predict the future, and do it with greater accuracy than anyone else. In fact, 95% of the time I’m right. For a mere $1000, I will give you the winning lottery ticket numbers for the next ten weeks. You‘ll be almost sure of winning once, and probably several times.† This sounds too good to be true, but you are intrigued. â€Å"Prove it,† you reply. â€Å"Show me that you really can predict the future, then I’ll consider your offer.† â€Å"Of course. I can‘t give you any winning lottery numbers for free though. But I will show you my powers as follows. In this sealed envelope is a sheet of paper numbered 1 through 100, with heads or tails written after each of them. When you go home, flip a coin 100 times and record the results in the order that you get them. Then open the envelope and compare the two lists. My list will accurately match at least 95 of your coin tosses.† You take the envelope with a skeptical look. â€Å"I will be here tomorrow at this same time if you decide to take me up on my offer.† As you walk back home, you assume that the stranger has thought up a creative way to con people out of their money. Nevertheless, when you get back home, you flip a coin and write down which tosses give you heads, and which ones are tails. Then you open the envelope and compare the two lists. If the lists only match in 49 places, you would conclude that the stranger is at best deluded and at worse conducting some sort of scam. After all, chance alone would result in being correct about one half of the time. If this is the case, you would probably change your walking route for a few weeks. On the other hand, what if the lists matched 96 times? The likelihood of this occurring by chance is extremely small. Due to the fact that predicting 96 of 100 coin tosses is exceptionally improbable, you conclude that your assumption about the stranger was incorrect and he can indeed predict the future. The Formal Procedure This example illustrates the idea behind hypothesis testing and is a good introduction to further study. The exact procedure requires specialized terminology and a step by step procedure, but the thinking is the same. The rare event rule provides the ammunition to reject one hypothesis and accept an alternate one.

The Key Beliefs Within Two Religious Traditions - 4561 Words

Paige Frampton Religious Studies 2015 AS 90823 BLUE Explain the key beliefs within two religious traditions in a relation to a significant religious question. Life after death is a very controversial topic around the world and in society. Throughout our lives, we often wonder ‘what happens when we die?’. There are many different beliefs as to what happens to our bodies and to our souls after we die. Religion provides answers to this question, however different religions offer different beliefs and answers to this question. There are two basic kinds of religion in this world: Eastern and Western. Through learning about the key beliefs of Catholics and Hindus I have been able to learn some similar and some different perspectives on the forever debatable question ‘what happens when we die?’. The official teaching of the Catholic Church is located in the book ‘the Catechism of the Catholic Church’ (CCC). Which is based on the teachings of Jesus in the New Testament. Catholics believe that Jesus died on the cross for us, he sacrificed himself for us by doing this, to redeem our sins so that we can go to heaven to be with Christ for eternity. â€Å"For God so loved the world that he gave his one and only Son, that whoever believes in him shall not perish but have eternal life.† (John 3:16) Some symbols in the Catholic faith also relate to our beliefs on life after death, such as the cross. The crossShow MoreRelatedGrand Canyon Int 244 Complete Course1616 Words   |  7 Pagesunderstandings and beliefs, do you agree with this definition? Explain your reasoning. Cite references where possible. 5 postsRe:Topic 1 DQ 1 Identify basic beliefs and practices of the various the forms of historical Christianity. Do identify with these? Explain why or why not. Cite references where possible. WEEK 2 DQ 1 Consider the question of whether Judaism is essentially a religion, a race, a culture, or something else. Support your response by making reference to key events, individualsRead MoreGrand Canyon Int 244 All Assignments1171 Words   |  5 Pagespersonal reflection of 1,000 – 1,250 words, consider how a Christian might benefit from a study of other religions by addressing the following: 1. Can Christian dialogue with other religious traditions be a part of the calling to proclaim the Gospel? 2. What can Christians learn from other religious traditions? 3. Can religious experiences or teachings in other faiths be validated? 4. How can Christians think critically about their encounters with members of other faiths? 5. Be sure to support yourRead MoreComparative Methods Of Fredericks And Clooney917 Words   |  4 Pagesthe call of a common duty.† Within this situation, religiously diverse world is also one of the most challenges to draw diverse believers together and to treasure what faiths have to share with and learn from other religions. This paper desires to follow the footsteps of the two comparative theologians, James Fredericks and Francis Clooney, to explore their methods of doing theology comparatively through interreligious dialogue and textual study for social-religious solidarity, deepening faith,Read MoreReligion and Violence Essay examples1081 Words   |  5 Pagesa different spectrum is the way religious beliefs utilise non violent mechanisms that try to diminish the impacts of aggressive behaviour. When we think of religion and violence we do not think to situate them together. This is because â€Å"theologically, it can certainly be concluded that all religions have th e goal of peace† . People who are outsider of a religious tradition can make many generalisations. In this essay it will discuss why some religious traditions in South East Asia oppose violenceRead MoreThe Impact of the Rationalization Process on Culture1283 Words   |  5 PagesRationalization was the process through which magical, supernatural and religious ideas lose cultural importance in a society and fades away completely, and ideas based on science and practical calculation become the dominant reliance. Rationalization also involves the development of forms of social organizations who strive to achieve precise goals by any efficient means. This type of rationalization is seen in the development of modern business corporations and of bureaucracy. These organizationsRead MoreChallenges of Religious Pluralism Essay1159 Words   |  5 Pagesbeen more of a family affair. What this means is that despite the different groupings, almost all major religions have been united u nder the same American experience. Almost all the main religious denominations have been required to conform to the dictates of Protestantism. Maybe this has been derived from the belief that almost all of these groupings have been responsible for shaping America as we know it today. However, many things have happened in the past few decades to change the way religionsRead MorePope John Chritianity960 Words   |  4 PagesDiscuss the relationship between at least TWO of the aspects shown in the diagram below and the way they contribute to Christianity as a living religious tradition The application of Christian ethics is a fundamental practice in an adherent’s life, assisting them in following God’s will. The most important representation of these ethics being used in practice is by the ultimate model of goodness, Jesus Christ. Jesus’ words and actions reflect the key foundations of ethical teachings, such as agapeRead MoreThree Main Religions in the Continent of Asia907 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferent practices, rituals, and teachings but also have some similarities. Each religion has their own holy book, key cites, worship places, and special religious holidays. In Southwest Asia, your religion is based on your family history, beliefs, customs, and traditions. The first religion to get founded was Judaism, nearly four thousand years ago. Judaism originated as the beliefs and practices of the people known as Israel. There are records that this religion traces back from the GodRead MoreIslam : A Unique Religion1208 Words   |  5 PagesKa’aba. Both Islam and Christian religions were based off of tradition and customs from the tribe’s fathers before them. Their religious customs ran rapid throughout the Mediterranean and especially in the town of Mecca. That is until a new religion was created, and shook their core beliefs to the core, questioning and aspiring for the unknown. This religion would come from the preaching of Muhammad, and not only shared some similar traditions but also similar early formations with the Christian religionRead MoreEffective Patient Centered, Culturally Competent, Holistic Care1191 Words   |  5 Pages The effective patient-centered, culturally competent, holistic care can be provided o nly by culturally competent nurses, able to â€Å"recognize and understand the differences in their culture and the culture of others; to respect other s values, beliefs, and expectations.†(Edelman, Kudzma, Mandle, 2014). In order to provide quality, safe and efficient care and meet patient s needs, nurses must expand their cultural knowledge, be aware about patient s culture, and have â€Å"an honest desire to disregard

The Morning Of The world as we know it free essay sample

The Morning Of Indi/ Alt/ Pop Tragic Hero Records The Morning OF, previously known as Dont Pass Go was formed in Newborough, NY. The band has a dynamic sound coming into the modern music scene by incorporating a constant collaboration of two lead vocals, female vocalist Jessica Leplon and male vocalist Justin Wiley. The music in The Morning Ofs sound pulls in a few different directions, but almost each song I found an un tampered raw quality which has almost disappeared. The band has reached 1,000,000 plays on PureVolume.com and 2,000,000 on Myspace.com. Their first national full length title The World as We Know It was released on January 29th, 2008 and debuted on the Billboard Heatseekers chart at # 18. Putting aside the vocalist Jessica and Justin, on Bass is Abir Hossain, guitar/piano is Chris Petrosino, and Rob Mccurdy on guitar. I listened to The World As We Know It it seems to have a fun, even quarky quality. We will write a custom essay sample on The Morning Of The world as we know it or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In my opinion these are radio worthy. #1. Reverie Just get me out of this city tonight/ an anthem that I know many of us find ourselves screaming inside. #2. The sound of something secure This song sparks alternative rock. #3. Shrine and adorable feel good song. #4. The world as we know it Is unique in the way they combine a hope filled pop tune with the actual words spoken by Martin Luther King Jr. during is I Have a Dream speech, closing out this cleverly arranged, inspiring yet interesting song. The black and white man, Jews, Gentiles, Protestants, Catholics will be able to join hands. Free At Last! Free At Last! Thank God almighty we are free at last! www.Myspace.comTheMorningOf Review By: Amanda Paige The Morning Of The world as we know it free essay sample The Morning Of Indi/ Alt/ Pop Tragic Hero Records The Morning OF, previously known as Dont Pass Go was formed in Newborough, NY. The band has a dynamic sound coming into the modern music scene by incorporating a constant collaboration of two lead vocals, female vocalist Jessica Leplon and male vocalist Justin Wiley. The music in The Morning Ofs sound pulls in a few different directions, but almost each song I found an un tampered raw quality which has almost disappeared. The band has reached 1,000,000 plays on PureVolume.com and 2,000,000 on Myspace.com. Their first national full length title The World as We Know It was released on January 29th, 2008 and debuted on the Billboard Heatseekers chart at # 18. Putting aside the vocalist Jessica and Justin, on Bass is Abir Hossain, guitar/piano is Chris Petrosino, and Rob Mccurdy on guitar. I listened to The World As We Know It it seems to have a fun, even quarky quality. We will write a custom essay sample on The Morning Of The world as we know it or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In my opinion these are radio worthy. #1. Reverie Just get me out of this city tonight/ an anthem that I know many of us find ourselves screaming inside. #2. The sound of something secure This song sparks alternative rock. #3. Shrine and adorable feel good song. #4. The world as we know it Is unique in the way they combine a hope filled pop tune with the actual words spoken by Martin Luther King Jr. during is I Have a Dream speech, closing out this cleverly arranged, inspiring yet interesting song. The black and white man, Jews, Gentiles, Protestants, Catholics will be able to join hands. Free At Last! Free At Last! Thank God almighty we are free at last! www.Myspace.comTheMorningOf Review By: Amanda Paige

First Year of Higher Education

Question: Write an essay on first year experience of higher education? Answer: I started my higher education and transitioned from high school to college. It became very difficult for me manage the course as I had the characteristic to procrastinate and get easily distracted. The major problem in the first year of my college was to decide as to concentrate on which field. This is because in the initial year I was not sure about what I was really interested in. Once I decided the field in which I am interested, it seemed to be easy to tackle things but in the reality, the effort in the college just tripled from the effort that I exerted in high school. The volume of homework has increased and the quizzes, tests and assignments seemed to be tougher than the ones that were done in the high school. Analyzing the college years and starting from the first year, there were substantial improvement in the productivity and growth in my career and life. The first hurdle that I had to face is the huge volume of homework. Doing the homework was not of a problem as the homework allowed me gain new ideas and knowledge about different topics. When I was in high school, sometimes the homework had to be done within the same day, it is then that I face the difficult to manage my homework. In College the volume of the homework are so many that I had to prioritize them in order to complete within the deadline. This allowed me to categorize my homework in terms of the degree of time consuming (Hirt, 2005). Suppose that homework is most time consuming and I cater to this homework first. Again suppose that homework carries a lot of points then I try to finish the homework on a priority basis. One of the struggles of my life after getting enrolled in the college is the poor performance in the quizzes and midterms. I devote a lot of time to studies but the more I prepare the more I perform poor in the tests. I believe that the tests are like personal assessment and it does not have any relation with the numbers rather the idea of the test must be to identify whether the students have acquired correct and knowledge about a particular subject. The first year of college focuses on the real life and its interpretation. So I decided that I had to make changes in my approach to exams. I get panicky and nervous before the day of the exam or tests. The next thing that I reformed was my approach towards the tests and quizzes. I stopped getting nervous before the tests and kept motivating myself that I am well prepared and can perform well (Kyung-Hwa Lee, à ªÃ‚ ¹Ã¢â€š ¬Ãƒ ¬Ã‚ Ã¢â€š ¬Ãƒ ªÃ‚ ²Ã‚ ½ and Lew Kyounghoon, 2013). This helped me to stay calm before and during the test. Even tually I improved and started performing well. In the first year of my college I faced a lot of challenges in writing. This is because in high school the writing style was simple and easy to assemble. The writing style in the college is different and difficult as it had a distinct writing guidelines, structure and level of writing. In this context, the professors are strict in marking the answer so I had to be more cautious regarding my writing style (Swick, 2009). The writing centre had helped me a lot to improve my writing skill by providing me with the comments at each level of my writing. The improvement of my writing was ensured when each professor made great comments which encouraged me (Smith and Wertlieb, 2005). Writing had always been my weakness and it was a challenge for me to overcome it. Finally, I receive grade of B+ level on my writing considering the fact that I received B level grade in the initial period of first year. This is more like an achievement for me. The first year of college was like a character and personality building year. One of the assignments that I had to complete was done in the form of group projects. Initially I faced a lot of problems in coordinating with the other group members as different students had different views and opinions about a particular topic. It became difficult for the group to come to a common conclusion. In the beginning of the college, I had to handle a similar group project where I found multiple disagreements among the members. I became relentless and failed in that group project. It is then I realized that this is e a part of shaping my nature. I took up the challenge and participated in more of the group project. This enabled me to develop communication skill and working within teams. I developed the skill of concluding the opinions all of the members so that no one is offended regarding their involvement in the project. Gradually, I started participating in more of group projects and performed quite well. On the first day of my college I encountered with an amiable Professor who guided me to my class as I was unable to find it. Thereafter The Professor maintained a cordial relationship with me. I later found out he is hailed from mathematical background and since I had problems in numbers, I often landed in the teachers room to seek his advice and suggestion regarding a particular mathematical problem. The other professors are also friendly and cooperative and the supported and helped me a lot in my academics. It is the professors that helped me to improve my knowledge on any subject. They took the initiative to stay after the class dissolves to help the weak students in enhancing their understanding about the lessons that were taught in the class. I always found the professors to be cooperative in helping the students and introduced a special class after the actual class gets over which the college authorities named as doubt clearing class. This class had helped many students to clea r out all their problems and doubts about the lessons. And no doubt it also helped me to gain better understanding of the lessons (WOOSLEY, 2005). Another major problem that I faced in the beginning of the first year was interaction problems. The college had students enrolled from different cultural and ethnic background which was not prevalent in the high school framework. Establishing an interaction with a particular student who hailed from a different cultural background was difficult for me. I felt that our opinions and views would not be met and there can be conflicts and disagreement between us which will cause a problem in their relationship. As time passed I started made friends from different cultures and found that it was a myth that I had in my minds regarding the culture clash (WOOSLEY, 2005). I found that students from different cultural backgrounds were friendly and pleasant in their behavior and I made couple of friends who hail from different ethnic background. The next good thing that I learned in the initial years is the aspect of time management. As such in the high school there wasnt any time exact framework unlike in college where the assignments and the projects had to be submitted on time and failure to do so would have points deducted. It was once that I failed to submit an assignment on time and got points deducted from the curriculum and it is then I learnt to respect time. I stopped procrastinating and completed the assignments and projects on time without any delay and point deduction. Thus, the overall experience on the first year of my college was personality building and knowledge gathering that will help me in the future. Before entering college I had a perspective of having a fun-filled life with less tension and more of excitement but after attending the first few classes, I understood that college is not just a fun-filled place but also an informative and career building place beneficial for my future. Going back to the first year of college, I can recall the way I improved my writing skills, developed feeling of union, established interaction and communication of friends from varied cultures, learnt to develop cordial relationship with the professors and value time the most (WOOSLEY, 2005). The first year of my college seemed to be challenging for me as the transition from high school is always difficult for a freshman. I shall imbibe all the good learning and memories of the first year in college and make use of them for future enhancement. References Hirt, J. (2005). Challenging and Supporting the First-Year Student: A Handbook for Improving the First Year of College.Journal of College Student Development, 46(5), pp.561-564. Kyung-Hwa Lee, à ªÃ‚ ¹Ã¢â€š ¬Ãƒ ¬Ã‚ Ã¢â€š ¬Ãƒ ªÃ‚ ²Ã‚ ½, and Lew Kyounghoon, (2013). The Relationship of Parental Involvement, College Life Adaptation and Academic Achievement in First Year College Students.Asian Journal of Education, 14(3), pp.184-201. Smith, J. and Wertlieb, E. (2005). Do First-Year College Students' Expectations Align with their First-Year Experiences?.Journal of Student Affairs Research and Practice, 42(2). Swick, E. (2009).Writing better English for ESL learners. Chicago, IL: McGraw-Hill. WOOSLEY, S. (2005). SURVEY RESPONSE AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES AMONG FIRST-YEAR COLLEGE STUDENTS.Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory and Practice, 6(4), pp.413-423.

Investing in IT for Competitive Advantage

buy custom Water and Freedom essay

buy custom Water and Freedom essay Though many themes are developed in Marilynne Robinsons Housekeeping, the one that deserves particular attention is freedom. The plot of the novel is rather depressive as it shows how parental factor, in particular the lack of their love and attention, can strongly impact children. The reader finds the narrators of the story, Ruth and Sylvie, deeply suffering from abandonment and loneliness due to the lack of mothers help and support. This traumatic feeling is even strengthened with the development of events. This paper will analyze how the development of Ruths personality is interconnected with the theme of water by contrasting the household duties to Sylvies character, flood, and other water-related events. One of the main examples of how the lake relates to freedom can be observed from Sylvie's attachment to it. Since Sylvias life and character was much different from all the other inhabitants of Fingerbore, she is distant from the usual steady life in the village. Her emotional trauma is one of the leading causes of such state of affairs. For instance, one can see how the lake theme, and mainly the disastrous flood, is associated with the aim to isolate Sylvie from the community and household. In such a way, the moral aspect of distance is strengthened by the physical one. In her story, Ruth emphasized that her grandmother often told that, The floods never reached the house (Robinson, 2004, p.59). However, Sylvie's arrival was marked by the raise of water that was absolutely uncommon for the village. In such a way, even the arrival itself was an extraordinary event, which gave water more freedom to reach even the most distant parts. Sylvies character, which is closely connected with the changes of the lake and limiting personal freedom, also has a considerable impact on the other heroes of the novel. For instance, Ruth and Lucilles devotion to one another undergoes serious changes. From close and warm relations, Ruth has felt that Lucille's loyalties were with the other world (Robinson, 2004, p.93). Again, the negatively changed values and strange world is depicted distant from the existing one and is characterized by means of water and boat that was sinking far away from a not-too-distant shore, which, actually, is the community (Robinson, 2004, p.89). This metaphor can be considered as an effective device to define water as personal freedoms and the sores as the society and community which can limit it. Ruth searched for freedom and wanted Sylvie to teach her to walk under water (Robinson, 2004, p.173). As trauma and social rules are associated with depression and pain, water in the lake and diving into it is symbolic for becoming free and satisfied. Paying attention to how Ruth descried the water and trains getting there without even troubling a surface or bridge being a chute into the lake, one should perceive water as the only correct direction that can bring satisfaction and set free (Robinson, 2004, p.173). Such freedom is also associated with rebirth. Ruthies world was obviously undergoing serious changes. If she had been born long time ago, her spiritual world would have been changed under Sylvies influence. What is important, only this final birth associated with water, lake depth and its darkness should become the main way to free from trauma and discomfort she felt in the real world. In conclusion, the water and lake represented in the novel are closely associated with the moral freedom of the young heroine Ruth. Moreover, the character of Sylvie, which is closely associated with lake as well as Ruths reflections and dreams about water, show how the latter symbolizes freedom and liberalization. Among the other themes, Robinson showed how water can be associated with liberalization of mind and serious changes that happen in ones conscience that can set free various thoughts and feelings. Buy custom Water and Freedom essay

Self-Management and Self-Planning Skills (Physical Education Course) Research Paper

Self-Management and Self-Planning Skills (Physical Education Course) - Research Paper Example In easiest way we can attain Healthy life style by combing of management and planning skills and to set goals not only long term but also shot term that can bring affirmative behavioral changes in daily routine if it is well planned, executed and based on easy strategies. Stages of Lifestyle Change There are five stages that are involved in the change of lifestyles and quitting habits (Prochaska, 1983). Precontemption: It is actually the denial phase where a person is not ready to leave his/her habit for anything as withdrawal from junk food for obese patients Contemplation: it is the phase when an individual start thinking about the change that could be better for life. Preparation: when individual start accepting and preparing for the change of dietary habits. Action: when individual takes actual step for change, as opting for other sources of food and start avoiding less beneficial Maintenance: it is the regular practice of that routine, as to maintain healthy lifestyle in this ex ample by adapting healthy food habits.

Ethics & Governance relating to BP and M&S Case study Essay

Ethics & Governance relating to BP and M&S Case study - Essay Example This audit was called upon after an incident related to BP that led to a fire that took the lives of 15 and harmed 150 people. With reference to the report, the BP was embroiled in cost cutting measures for years. This in turn predisposed the company to catastrophes of this nature. The management of the BP group was the major actor, and the workers, the minor actors. When events of this magnitude (fire tragedy) occur, it becomes the onus of the company to try and polish their image (Mortisheadfsed, 2005, p. 8) On the basis of the British petroleum case, there emerge a plethora of consequences that need to be examined. As is the case, companies thrive on good public image. After the tragedy, it was necessary to support an audit into the safety standards and subsequently implement the recommendations. As such, the safety standards were bound to improve considerably. Through the incorporation of such measures, the industry as a whole would thus move towards adopting similar approaches. On this basis, the ethical and governance aspect would get a huge reinforcement. Another consequence could be the harm that the fire tragedy puts on the company. BP was an industry leader and a crisis of this kind was bound to compromise its leadership status in the market. The CSB report released its view on the company indicating that the company was profit oriented as opposed to the ethics and governance aspects. This is a misguided approach that would affect both the government and the public view on the company. On the process, the company directly jeopardises its market position. This shows the net effect of failing to respond to issues that directly impact on business. The top management of BP is the most culpable of all the actors concerned. It has been found that audit recommendations have not been accounted for. The audit report that arose from the Texas

Coexisting Disorders Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Coexisting Disorders - Essay Example According to the Drug Enforcement Administration, methamphetamine is classified as a Schedule II drug, which implies that the drug can be obtained only through a medical prescription and has high probability of abuse and addiction. It is chemically similar to its parent compound, amphetamine, but its effects are more conspicuous. It is prescribed medically under the name of Desoxyn for the treatment of severe Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD), Narcolepsy and extreme cases of obesity. Methamphetamine, primarily affects the brain, stimulating an increase in the secretion of the neurotransmitter, dopamine. This neurotransmitter acts as a chemical messenger and is responsible for the experience of pleasure and stimulation of motor activities. It also alters the level of serotonin, another neurotransmitter. Both these properties make this drug potentially dangerous. It can alter moods, cause depression, lead to violent tendencies and suicidal thoughts. It is also the root cause of other psychotic ailments like hallucinations, paranoia and delusional behavior. Medical studies have also shown that chronic use of methamphetamine can lead to damaging changes in the structure of the brain, mostly affecting the areas responsible for emotion and memory (Thompson et al). Besides the nervous system, the drug can also have detrimental implications on the basic metabolisms of the body. It increases the heart rate, elevates blood pressure, increases the rate of respiration and a lso causes hyperthermia. Long term can use can cause extreme weight loss, insomnia and severe dental problems. The drug is also known to possess aphrodisiac qualities, and thus, it leads to impulsive sexual behavior. The hazardous drug can be snorted, swallowed, inhaled, dissolved in water, injected, but the most common method of administration is oral intake. Fatal diseases like Hepatitis B and C, and HIV/AIDS can also be transmitted through the use of infected needles and syringes, commonly used to inject the drug. Similar to many other abused drugs, methamphetamine users get an adrenaline rush coupled with an extreme sense of pleasure. It stimulates the senses, increases concentration and also leads to sexually charged behavior. According to the National Institute On Drug Abuse, methamphetamine abuse continues to be a massive problem in the United States of America, and is reportedly spreading to Mexico and also to the Midwest. According to a survey conducted by the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), approximately 10.4 million people over the age of 12 have tried methamphetamine at least once. Use of methamphetamine in abusive quantities is known to cause depression and mental anxiety. A recent study conducted by The Methamphetamine Treatment Project evaluated the psychological condition within a group of 1016 people, all methamphetamine users. A staggering 60% of the women and 50% of the men exhibited strong symptoms of depression. Close to 28% women and 13% men attempted or persistently thought about suicide. Their mental conditions had deteriorated to such extremes that 26& had to be admitted in the psychiatry wing while 32% were administered medications. (Zweben et al.) Biologically, depression is defined as a psychological disorder, which is characterized by persistent sadness, withdrawal from daily and social activities, and inability to feel pleased and happy. It is normal for every

Customer Service Organisational Effectiveness: Dunnes

Customer Service Organisational Effectiveness: Dunnes [i] Background Dunnes Stores has 152 stores throughout Ireland, Northern Ireland, Scotland, UK and Spain it has been established by Ben Dunne. It is Irelands largest and leading retailer providing a unique offering of fashion, food and homewares in one location. The biggest competitors against Dunnes in Shannon are: Lidl Dealz The main domestic competitors in the supermarket business are Tesco, SuperValu, Lidl and Aldi. In clothing, their rivals include Penneys, Marks and Spencer and Debenhams. Dunnes sell brands such as Paul Costello, CenteRed, Paul Galvin, Gallery, Savida, Carolyn Donnelly and many more. Their Target Market Dunnes Stores target market is aimed at all categories men, women and children with different price points to suit everyones pocket. By providing; food, beverage, fresh fish seafood, clothing, home furniture and fresh hot deli foods made on site which is located under one roof. Promising the Better Value. Advertisement At Dunnes Stores advertising plays a big part. In store advertisement: Leaflets and brochures on each till Banners with weekly deals and specials Intercom Web: http://www.dunnesstores.com/ which now provides online shopping for clothes and homeware with a home delivery Facebook Media: Radio Clare FM Television [ii] [iii] Premises Dunnes Stores is situated within a Sky Court Shopping centre in Shannon which facilities include: Lifts Parking Disabled Parking Toilets Wheelchair friendly Guidance dogs friendly Product Services Dunnes offers a variety of foods, fresh fish seafood, veg, fruit, dry, processed food, snacks, soft drinks, alcohol wine etc., they have been also awarded the quality of their foods equal to the price. Their various brands are shown below: Our Brands Women Gallery Savida (own brand) Carolyn Donnelly The Edit Paul Costelloe Living Studio Lennon Courtney at Dunnes Stores Joanne Hynes at Dunnes Stores Men Paul Galvin CenteRed Costelloe Living Men New Haven Padraig Harrington Golf Kids Paul Costelloe Living Occasionwear Leigh Tucker Willow Home Carolyn Donnelly Eclectic Paul Costelloe Living Considered by Helen James Francis Brennan the Collection [iv] Employees interaction with customers each other and management. From my experience and observation, the staff has always greeted, thanked and invited their customers to visit again which in my opinion is vital in a busy business place. The staff is the companys image which reflects how the company is being run. In this case their behaviour towards the customer has never failed. The management staff has been always helpful and willing to answer questions or fix minor problems when the customer seemed unhappy. How employer/management present themselves to the customer dress code, personal hygiene. All staff is provided with a uniform to wear on a daily basis which consists of black trousers, black shirt, flat black shoes and a name badge. Their look is satisfying an appropriate uniform with an overall well-groomed appearance. The management and staff overall have a very professional appearance. Potential positive and the potential negative impact on consumers/users and on the business. Positive Negative Advertising Advertisement over the intercom constantly in store. Premises Good wheelchair access, free parking, lifts and on site ATM Product Services Good price for good quality Employees Interaction Satisfying welcoming and friendly Employee Appearance Well-groomed, professional How organisation caters for disability and diversity. Dunnes stores caters for all in general. As mentioned before they have a good facility for disabled people as they have wheelchair access wide aisles, guidance dogs are allowed. No racial, sexual or religious diversity noted. Customer Service Organisational Effectiveness Shannon Springs Hotel ______________________ [v] Background Shannon Springs Hotel Conveniently located just 5 minutes from Shannon International Airport, The Shannon Springs Hotel (formerly known as Shannon Court Hotel) is one of the most popular Shannon Hotels and boasts 54 very spacious, tastefully decorated bedrooms with all the modern amenities to make you feel at home. Famous for their Old Lodge Gastro Pub, friendly atmosphere and excellent efficient service, there is an abundance of local attractions within easy reach of our Shannon Airport Hotel. The biggest competitors against Shannon Springs Hotel in Shannon are: Oak Wood Arms Hotel Park Inn Hotel by Radisson Shannon Airport Their Target Market Shannon Springs Hotel target market is aimed at all categories men, women and children with different price points to suit everyones pocket. By providing; Accommodation, Costa Coffee, The Old Lodge Gastro Pub, Free Wi-Fi, Free parking, Laundry service, Room service, Kid-friendly. Advertisement They have designed a new web page. Shannon Spring Hotel mainly advertises on their home page and Facebook after, renovating, reopening and the change of the ownership becoming the new Shannon Springs Hotel. www.shannonspringshotel.com [vi] à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Facebook [vii] Premises Shannon Springs Hotel is located 5 minutes away from the Airport it is an ideal base for a great leisure break, situated between the neighbouring historic towns of Ennis and Limerick. They cater their premises to the needs of all people, some rooms and bathrooms are accommodated to suit the needs of people with disabilities for an easy access. The Shannon Springs Hotel Free Wi-Fi Free parking Laundry service Room service Kid-friendly Restaurant Free breakfast Pool Bar Smoke-free Products Services: They provide a service of accommodation for people worldwide and nationwide. They are a *** hotel which has adequate prices to its quality and service. Apart from their accommodation facility they also organise Weddings. [viii] 3. How employees interact with the customer and each other and management. As for this particular part of the portfolio I had to physically speak with their representative which in this case was the Receptionist, the gentleman I have spoken to show a lot of respect for what I was doing and why I asked this sort of particular questions. I felt comfortable and fully understood. He showed a lot of competency and professionalism. In my opinion the people that work there are interacting with their customers to the best of their ability 3. How employer/management present themselves Hygiene/uniform The person I dealt with, in which case was the Receptionist looked on a professional standard, wearing a well-groomed suit. As well as the Receptionist, other staff looked very professional wearing a black shirt with the company logo. Potential positive and potential negative impact on consumers and on the business. In my opinion it was a very pleasant experience where I physically spoke with a person who answered all of my questions on behalf of the company. He reflected a very positive image of the company. Here are some other true examples of happy fulfilled customers. [ix] [x] 5. How the organisation cater for disability and diversity. As I asked specific questions about the hotel itself I also asked about their organisation of Weddings I was told by the receptionist that recently in around December there was same sex marriage taking place in this hotel. Over all I think there is no any sort of sexual, race or disability diversity. This hotel is fully customer, children and disabled people friendly [i] https://www.google.ie/maps/uv?hl=enpb=!1s0x485b41d445ece8c5:0xb0bba4c43059698d!2m19!2m2!1i80!2i80!3m1!2i20!16m13!1b1!2m2!1m1!1e1!2m2!1m1!1e3!2m2!1m1!1e5!2m2!1m1!1e4!3m1!7e115!4s/maps/place/dunnes%2Bstores%2Bshannon/@52.7103129,-8.8777974,3a,75y,220.86h,90t/data%3D*213m4*211e1*213m2*211sAmf7Ddk4lUq5EonMTsOPdQ*212e0*214m2*213m1*211s0x0:0xb0bba4c43059698d!5sdunnes+stores+shannon+-+Google+Searchimagekey=!1e2!2sAmf7Ddk4lUq5EonMTsOPdQsa=Xsqi=2ved=0ahUKEwjKnuqZl8nSAhWLDcAKHUsfAdoQpx8IdzAK [ii] https://www.facebook.com/DunnesStores/ [iii] http://www.dunnesstores.com/ [iv] http://www.dunnesstores.com/award1c/food-wine/fcp-category/home [v] http://www.shannonspringshotel.com/gallery.html [vi] http://www.shannonspringshotel.com/index.html [vii] https://www.facebook.com/ShannonSpringsHotel/ [viii] https://ag.avvio.com/convert/site/Shannon%20Springs%20Hotel/en/results.php?checkin=2017-03-9nights=1currency=EUR_ga=1.173972515.1456376543.1489054532 [ix] https://www.facebook.com/pg/ShannonSpringsHotel/reviews/?ref=page_internal [x] https://www.google.ie/webhp?sourceid=chrome-instantion=1espv=2ie=UTF-8#q=shannon+springs+hotel*lrd=0x485b6a75f392bb6d:0xdc216dcbd415f138,1

The Odyssey :: essays research papers fc

When one ponders the Greek mythology and literature, powerful images invariably come to mind. One relives the heroes’ struggles against innumerable odds, their battles against magical monsters, and the gods’ periodic intervention in mortal affairs. Yet, a common and often essential portion of a heroic epic is the hero’s consultation with an oracle or divinity. This prophecy is usually critical to the plot line, and also to the well being of the main characters. Could Priam have survived in the Achaean camp if not at the gods’ instruction (200-201)? Could the Argos have run the gauntlet of the Prowling Rocks if not for the gods’ advice of using a sacrificial bird (349). Moreover, prophecy can be negative as well as positive. Achilles was prophesied to die gloriously in battle if he chose his life’s way as a warrior. Oedipus was exiled and condemned by his own words, after he slew his sire and wed his mother. This type of prophesy can blind eve n the gods themselves; Chronos was fated to be defeated and his throne stolen by his son. Demeter loses Persephone periodically every year because her daughter ate Hades’ pomegranates. Prophecy plays an important role in the whole of Greek folklore. Something this ever-present bears further examination. In The Odyssey, prophecy in its myriad forms affects nearly every aspect of the epic. Prophecies are seen in the forms of omens, signs, strict prediction of the future, divine condemnation, and divine instruction. Though conceptually these forms are hard to distinguish, they are clearly separate in the Odyssey. Moreover, prophecies can be interpreted not only on the "plot device" level, but also on the level of characterization. Whether a character accepts or denies the gods’ prophecies tells the reader something about the character himself. Omens are brief prophecies intimately connected to the action at hand, which must be interpreted in terms of that action . Halitherses comments on the eagle attack after Telemakhos condemns the suitors (463-464); he correctly interests it to mean that if the suitors keep feeding off Odysseus’s possessions they will be destroyed. Yet the suitors ignore the omen, inviting their eventual destruction. This haughty treatment of a divine omen is a justification for their deaths. When Penelope says if Odysseus had returned he would, with his son, surely slay the suitors, Telemakhos let loose a great sneeze (429). This omen reinforces the previous one, and simultaneously prepares the reader for the carnage to follow.

Ester Hydrolysis

The Equilibrium Constant of an Ester Hydrolysis Reaction Abstract: The results from this experiment show four different Kc equilibrium constants of: . 1522 for bottle two, . 1853 for bottle three, . 2094 for bottle four, and . 2678 for bottle five. The average Kc value came out to be . 2037 for all four bottles. Purpose: The purpose of this lab is to determine the equilibrium concentrations of an organic acid, an alcohol, an ester, and water in four bottles with varying measurements of each compound in of the four solutions.Once the concentrations are determined, one is then to discover the Kc, equilibrium constant, of those solutions by dividing the concentrations of alcohol and acid by the concentrations of ester and water. Methods/Procedure: First begin by mixing up and standardizing a 500mL solution of NaOH to titrate. For each of the six bottles, measure the directed amounts of ester, water, alcohol, and HCl. The bottles of different solutions will be left to come to equilibrium for two weeks.Once the NaOH is standardized, the solutions in the bottles have come to equilibrium, and a molarity is calculated, use the molarity of NaOH to discover how many mols were used to neutralize the solutions in each bottle. Once all of the calculations are complete, use an ICE chart to discover the mols of ester, water, acid, and alcohol at equilibrium to then calculate the Kc for each bottle. After a Kc has been calculated for all bottles, the last step is to determine an average Kc for all of the solutions. Calculations/Results: Grams of KHP needed: 7mol x 35ml x 1molKHP x 204gKHP1000ml x 1 x 1molNaOH x 1molKHP=5. 00gKHP Grams of NaOH: .7molNaOH x . 500L x 1mol 1L x 1 x 40g~14gNaOH Mass of dish: 1. 80g Mass of bottle 1: 17. 1145g Mass of HCl 1: 4. 8778g Mass of NaOH 14. 0g Mass of bottle 1A: 17. 3521g Mass of HCl 1A: 5. 2319g Mass of dish: 2. 0097g Mass of dish and KHP: 6. 0548g Mass of KHP: 5. 0378g mL of NaOH used to neutralize KHP: 1. 36. 90mL 2. 30. 80mL 3. 36. 40m L g of KHP: 1. 5. 0378g 2. 4. 2074g 3. 4. 9722g Molarity of NaOH: .6690M| 6689M| Avg M: . 6688M NaOH| 5. 0378gKHP x 1molKHP x 1molNaOH x 1 x 1000mL1 x 204. 2g x 1molKHP x 36. 90mL x 1L=. 6686M mL of NaOH used: 1A: 6. 20mL – 24. 90mL = 18. 70mL| 1: 17. 00mL| 2: 60. 54mL| 3: 58. 60mL| 4: 45. 55mL| 5: 40. 75mL| Ethanol: Water:Ethyl Acetate: Density: . 7893g/mL Density: . 9982g/mLDensity: . 9003g/mL Molar Mass: 46. 07g/molMolar Mass: 18. 02g/molMolar Mass: 88. 11g/mol mL of solutions in each bottle: Bottle #| 3M HCl (mL)| H2O (mL)| Ester (mL)| Alcohol (mL)| 1| 5. 00| 5. 00| 0| 0| 1A| 5. 00| 5. 00| 0| 0| 2| 5. 00| 0| 5. 00| 0| 3| 5. 00| 1. 00| 4. 00| 0| 4| 5. 0| 3. 00| 2. 20| 0| 5| 5. 00| 2. 00| 2. 00| 1. 00| Bottles 1 and 1A M HCl: 17. 00mLNaOH x . 6688molNaOH x 1 molHCl x 11 x 1000ml x 1molNaOH x . 005LHCl=2. 27MHCL x . 005L= . 01137molHCl .01251 molHCl Average mol HCl of bottles 1 and 1A: (. 01251mol + . 01137mol)/2 = . 01194molHCl Mol NaOH for bottles 2-5: .6688MNaOH x 1L x 60 . 54mLNaOH1L x 1000mL x 1= . 04049molNaOH .03919molNaOH .03046molNaOH .02725molNaOH Density of HCl: 5. 2319gHCl x 11 x 5. 00mL=1. 046g/mLHCl Grams of HCl and H2O: 1. 046gHCl x 5. 00mLH2O1mL=5. 230gHCl+H20 Grams of HCl: .01194molHCl x 36. 54gHCl1 mol HCl= . 4352gHClGrams of HCl and H2O – Grams of HCl: 5. 230gHCl+H2O – . 4352gHCl = 4. 794gH2O from 5. 00mL of HCl in bottles 1-5 Grams of H2O made + grams H2O given for bottles 2-5: 4. 794gH2O + 0. 00mLH2O x . 9982gH2O/mL = 4. 794gH2O 5. 792gH2O 7. 789gH2O 6. 790gH2O Grams to mols of H2O for bottles 2-5: 4. 794gH2O x 1molH2O1 x 18. 02gH2O= . 2661molH2O .3214molH2O .4322molH2O .3768molH2O Mols of ester for bottles 2-5: 5. 00mLester x . 9003gester x 1mol ester1 x 1mL x 88. 11gester= . 05109mols ester .4087mols ester .02248mols ester .02044mols ester Mols of acid for bottles 2-5: 60. 54mLNaOH x 1L x . 688molNaOH x 1molacid1 x 1000mL x 1L x 1molNaOH x 1= . 04049molacid .03919molacid .03046molacid .02725molacid Total mols of acid – mols HCl for bottles 2-5: .04049mol total acid – . 01194mol HCl = . 02855mol organic acid . 02725mol organic acid . 01852mol organic acid .01531mol organic acid Mols of alcohol for bottle 5: 1. 00mLalcohol x . 7893galcohol x 1 mol alcohol1 x 1mL x 46. 07galcohol= . 01713mol alcohol Ice Charts for bottles 2-5: ESTER (mol)| WATER (mol)| ACID (mol)| ALCOHOL (mol)| I: . 05109| . 2661| 0| 0| C: -. 2855| -. 02855| -. 02855| -. 02855| E: . 02254| . 2376| . 02855| . 02855| ESTER (mol)| WATER (mol)| ACID (mol)| ALCOHOL (mol)| I: . 04087| . 3214| 0| 0| C: -. 02725| -. 02725| -. 02725| -. 02725| E: . 01362| . 2942| . 02725| . 02725| ESTER (mol)| WATER (mol)| ACID (mol)| ALCOHOL (mol)| I: . 02248| . 4322| 0| 0| C: -. 01852| -. 01852| -. 01852| -. 01852| E: . 00396| . 4137| . 01852| . 01852| ESTER (mol)| WATER (mol)| ACID (mol)| ALCOHOL (mol)| I: . 02044| . 3768| 0| . 01713| C:-. 01531| -. 01531| -. 01531| . 01531| E: . 00513| . 3615| . 01531| . 03244| Kc for bottles 2-5: Kc=. 0 2855[. 02855]. 0254[. 376]= . 1522 .1853 .2094 .2678 Avg Kc: .1522 + . 1853 +. 2094 + . 2678 = . 8147 .8147/4 = . 2037 Discussion: A known error in this experiment with this data is the mass of hydrochloric acid measured for bottle 1. The mass was below 5 grams (4. 8778g) which threw the calculations off. To compensate for the poor data, an average of the two masses of hydrochloric acid was taken, and then the number of moles was found to get a better approximation of what the number of moles should be. Another possible error in this experiment was not having adequate time for the solutions to equilibrium completely.If the solutions had not fully reached equilibrium the equilibrium constant would be off for whichever solutions, if not all, that had not come to equilibrium. The Kc values were all approximately one tenth off of each other. In theory, the Kc values should all be the same which indicates that there is a high probability that the solutions had not fully reached equilibri um. In conclusion, the results would have been closer and more exact had the solutions had more time to come to equilibrium as well as if the mass of hydrochloric acid was closer to where it should have been.

A Clean, Well-Lighted Place by Ernest Hemingway Essay Example

A Clean, Well A Clean, Well-Lighted Place by Ernest Hemingway Paper A Clean, Well-Lighted Place by Ernest Hemingway Paper Sadness, frustration, or discontent, however it’s put, there is an obvious difference with the characters in, â€Å"A Clean, Well-Lighted Place† by Ernest Hemingway, and their ideas of mortality and old age. The short story shows the concept of â€Å"nothingness,† displayed through a very depressing view on life. This suggesting that all people, even those who are happy and content, will eventually end up lonely, drunk, or unhappy. By allowing a reader to view this from three diverse perspectives, Hemingway is able to render how someone’s attitude of their own life can go from one extreme to another. Allowing suicide as a final option to surface for some. The story is told from a total omniscience narrator, allowing the reader to gain better knowledge of the three main characters; the two waiters who work at the cafe, and the deaf old man who enjoys looking out upon the empty street, as well as their lives outside of the cafe. â€Å"In the day time the street was dusty, but at night the dew settled the dust and the old man liked to sit late because he was deaf and now at night it was quiet and he felt the difference† (152 Hemingway). This quote comes from the second line of the story, creating a sense of theme on the idea of â€Å"nothingness†. The dust from the daytime pedestrians has settled. The dew from the late night has appeared, and here he sits in the trees shadow, sipping on his Brandy. For a lonely, old man, this clean, well-lighted cafe is a chance to escape the darkness himself. He continues to drink Brandy, hoping that sleep will come soon, allowing him a momentary get away from the empty and silent despair that has already caused him to attempt suicide once. The views in regard to the old man vary significantly between the waiters. Just because the old man is financially stable, the younger waiter believes that he should have nothing to despair. For the young waiter money and material objects are everything, so he views him with disdain because of his inability to look past the old man as a drunk who is holding him up from going home. The young waiter has a harsh view of him as well because on occasion the old man has been so drunk he walks out on his bill. The younger waiter has a different respect for time, it’s precious to him and he values t. â€Å"I wish he would go home. I never get to bed before three o’clock. What kind of hour is that to go to bed? † â€Å"He stays up because he likes it. † â€Å"He’s lonely, I’m not lonely. I have a wife waiting in bed for me. † â€Å"He had a wife once too† (153). The older you get, the more time wears down on you, and you begin to now, gr eater than ever, feel your mortality. This theme is used to help the reader understand the older mans pain and that no matter how young and confident someone is, they will eventually grow old and die. There is an apparent unity seen between the old man and the older waiter. Opposite from the young waiter, the older waiter and old man seem devastatingly lonely and worn out by life. While the young waiter is rude and insistently talks down to the old man, the older waiter defends him. He too understands and appreciates a clean, well-lighted cafe opposed to a bar or bodega. The older men understand each other without there being any communication between them. In the final line the reader is able to truly understand the older waiters view of his own morality, â€Å"He disliked bars and bodegas. A clean, well-lighted cafe was a very different thing. Now, without thinking further, he went home to his room. He would lie in the bed and finally, with daylight, he would go to sleep. After all, he said to himself, it is probably only insomnia. Many must have it† (155). The two older gentlemen have found a way of coping with their morality and old age, as well as the idea of â€Å"nothingness† that is a result of life’s hardships. Both cope in a very dignified, and graceful manners. Even though the old man is drunk, he is never disrespectful or disorderly, but yet polite and well mannered. Both show signs of previous hardships, the older waiter tries to explain he once had a wife, and the old man attempted suicide. Yet, neither of them ever lose their tempers, but instead stay calm and collected. Hemingway, Earnest. â€Å"A Clean, Well-Lighted Place†. Literature: An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, Drama, and Writing. Ed. X. J. Kennedy and Dana Gioia. 11th ed. New York: Pearson Longman, 2010. 152-155.

Sports and Steroids Societys Acceptance or Rejection of Steroids in Sports

Sports and Steroids Societys Acceptance or Rejection of Steroids in Sports Introduction The essence of all athletic competitions can be boiled down to the concept of performance and how much better one particular athlete is over another. Professional athletes do not enter into a competition with a nonchalant attitude of competing for fun rather they are in it to win it and as such train endlessly in order to reach the peak of their physical prowess.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Sports and Steroids: Society’s Acceptance or Rejection of Steroids in Sports specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Their reward for winning such competitions can range from money, fame to everlasting glory in their chosen sport. Unfortunately, there are no rewards for the losers with society relegating them to the background as they celebrate the accomplishments of the winners. It is due to this that athletes try to accomplish any means possible to win with some of them choosing shortcuts in their attem pt to achieve money, fame and glory. One of the shortcuts comes in the form of using anabolic steroids in order to boost muscle performance in order to give them a certain edge over the competition. It has been proven through both clinical tests and actual usage in sporting competitions that the use of steroids significantly increases muscle density, strength, reduces recovery time and drastically increases an athlete’s stamina (Hassan, Salem Sayed, 2009). While their effectiveness has been proven time and again their usage in sporting competitions has been categorized as a form of cheating. Normal athletes cannot rival the performance of other athletes on steroids and as such it comes to a point that they either have to take steroids themselves or not compete at all. This creates a situation where it is not the best athlete that wins in a competition but rather which athlete has used steroids the most in order to win (Mannie, 2004). Such activities can be considered a clear violation of the concept of fair play and is affront to spirit of competition. The general public has thus responded negatively to the use of steroids in sporting competitions since people do not patronize sports such as baseball, football or soccer in order to watch people cheat their way into victory rather they watch sporting events in order to see the clash of individuals striving to achieve victory through the power of effort, willpower and the spirit to succeed. What must be understood is that the concept of a person being an athlete has a special meaning in society in that they represent what a person can achieve should they work hard, strive for success and never give up. Athletes have in effect become role models for many within society and as such news of prolific cheating by numerous athletes within sporting events is generally considered a form of betrayal over the image of integrity, willpower and perseverance that society has attached to them. As such it comes as no s urprise that the various steroid scandals that have rocked numerous sports over the past several years have detrimentally affected their fan bases and made fans that much more suspicious and hesitant over patronizing a particular team or athlete on the basis that they may be using steroids to cheat their way to victory.Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is based on this that the scope of this paper will entail an investigation into society’s reaction to the use of steroids and examines the negativity surrounding this particular form of controversial enhancement. Furthermore the goal of this paper will be an attempt to convince audiences that steroids should not be used for advancement in sports and that they are a bad influence on adolescents. Comparing and Contrasting an Athlete’s Decision to Take Steroids and the Perception of Fans. Decision for Taking Steroids When trying to understand why an athlete would take steroids it must first be acknowledged that not all people are born equal. Some people have genetic predispositions towards athleticism which does give them a certain advantage over other athletes. Another factor that should be taken into consideration is the fact that similar to any profession being an athlete requires a certain degree of performance above set standards in order to be acknowledged by the general public. It can be seen that athletes that rise above the norm often attain lucrative sponsorship agreements, team contracts and a plethora of other benefits befitting an athlete of their caliber. On the other hand athletes that are sub-par or fail to distinguish themselves often fade into obscurity or are relegated to contracts and sponsorships that are barely within the range of the average median salary within the U.S. Not only that unlike other careers athletes only have a set period of time in order to stand out and distinguish themselves due to decreasing performance levels as they age. Steroids give athletes the performance boost they need in order to win games, events or sporting competitions (Mannie, 2004). It enhances their stamina, gives them greater strength, speed and durability and even allows them to recover faster from injuries thus resulting in a performance level that is above the norm (Silvester, 2006). What must be understood is that modern day sporting competitions whether in baseball, football or basketball are all about a players stats and playing ability. The value of athletes has been relegated to a set of numbers wherein the greater the number the higher their value is to a team or sponsors. This creates a behavioral predilection towards constant improvement towards perfection not for the sake of being more competitive but rather a desire to stay relevant in sporting events where superstars abound and talented rookies enter into the fray on an almost yearl y basis. Steroid Use among Athletes In a way being an athlete is a race against time as they fight to stay relevant whiles their bodies age and their abilities whither. What must be understood is that steroid use helps to preserve and enhance existing skills beyond what people would normally be capable of doing.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Sports and Steroids: Society’s Acceptance or Rejection of Steroids in Sports specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It acts as a method of increasing muscular density and stamina resulting in increased performance in even the oldest athletes (Silvester, 2006). One example of this can be seen in increased performance of Barry Bonds during the latter part of his career. What must be understood is that while Barry Bonds was an excellent baseball player in his youth however his performance started to decline during his early 30s. Surprisingly though Bonds very noticeably began to bulk up and his performance greatly improved during his mid 30s to the point that he was noticeably better than he was during the earlier half of his career. As it turns out his improved physique and athletic prowess were not due to a strenuous workout regimen and diet as Bonds had stated but rather was entirely due to steroid use. Other baseball athletes that exhibited greater athleticism during the latter part of their careers such as Sammy Sousa have also tested positive for steroid use and as such its use has become synonymous with cheating the clock so to speak wherein physical prowess and athletic performance is preserved or even drastically improved during the latter part of an athletes career. It is due to this that athletes begin to turn towards steroid use in order to not be relegated into the background, to achieve their moment of fame, to preserve their athleticism when theyre well past their prime and to attain in their eyes their much deserved reward for stri ving so hard. Perception of Steroid use by Fans and Athletes On average fan perception regarding steroid use by athletes has been largely negative with most athletes that have proven records of steroid usage often losing a majority of their fans (Denham, 2000). As it was indicated earlier athletes are often used by society as role models for behavior and achievement. When such athletes cheat in order to win it is thought of as being the equivalent of spitting in the face of the people that believed in them for so long. People want to believe that incredible feats of athleticism are possible through hard work and perseverance since for them it is a reflection of what they themselves might be capable of in their own lives albeit in a different way. It must be noted though that before they are found out athletes that use steroids often have a much larger fan base as compared to athletes that dont use steroids. This is due to the fact that their improved performance often makes them mor e prominent as compared to other athletes and as such become fan favorites. It is only when they are found out that their fan base rapidly erodes and such athletes are thought of in a negative light due to their use of unethical methods in order to boost their performance.Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In general it can be seen that both in society and in the media athletes that use steroids are generally portrayed unfavorably due to them representing the darker half of sports (Denham, 2000). They are vilified, thought of as cheaters and sometimes even shunned for their actions and as such can be considered a warning to all athletes that even consider turning to steroids as a means of boosting their performance. Adolescents and Steroids What is the percentage of adolescent users? An examination by the National Institute of Drug Abuse (NIDA) estimates that within the U.S. alone nearly 500,000 teenagers are currently using steroids (Kuehn, 2009). In fact it was noted by Kuehn (2009) that in 2005 there was a .7% increase in the amount of steroids utilized by boys in 10th grade as compared to the previous year which was at only 2% (Kuehn, 2009). What must be understood is that while 2.7% may seem like small number the fact remains that no teenager should be using steroids at all so ev en a .7% increase can be considered a large increase. It as estimated that nearly 6.6% of all male high school seniors particularly those within athletic programs utilized steroids in order to gain a competitive edge (Kuehn, 2009). Further studies also revealed that there was also a certain degree of steroid use among the female athletes within various high schools but little data has been collected regarding this particular population base due to the fact that most studies focuses on male archetypes of steroid usage. It is interesting to note though that there are no racial differences in steroid use with no specific racial group specifically utilizing steroids. What was seen though is that steroid use was often concentrated in various athletic departments and as such in order to examine the prevalence of steroid use in a particular school it is best to focus most of the examinations mainly on student athletes since they have a greater predilection towards its use. What must be und erstood is that steroid usage has a specific risk factor for adolescents as compared to adults due to the fact that rising testosterone and sex hormone levels within the body are actually used as an inherent mechanism for triggering growth spurts during adolescence. When these hormone levels reach a certain point they actually send a signal to a persons bones to stop growing and unfortunately by utilizing anabolic steroids this causes the bones to stop growing prematurely for adolescents (Bahrke,Yesalis, Kopstein Stephens, 2000). This particular situation is also facilitated by other side effects of steroids such as increased aggression, the development of liver tumors, cholestatic jaundice and in some cases the development of blood filled cysts within the liver that have a tendency to rupture causing internal bleeding (Lumia McGinnis, 2010) Adolescents, Peer Pressure and their Emulation of Sports Icons What must be understood when examining the current behavior of numerous young adolescents and their use of steroids is the fact that they believe steroids are an effective shortcut of enhancing their performance to the same degree as their sports heroes. While it may be true that they acknowledge the fact that taking steroids is a form of cheating they still look at athletic greats such as Sammy Sosa, Barry Bonds, Triple H and Batista who have all been confirmed as taking steroids and believe that despite the inherent risks involved the glory, money and fame that comes along with being an athletic superstar is well worth the risks involved in utilizing steroids (Feinberg, 2009). Furthermore the persistent myth that side effects only come through prolonged usage convinces many student athletes that by taking steroids in limited amounts they can avoid the supposed side effects that come with steroid use. Another factor that should be taken into consideration is peer pressure and how it at times forces people to take steroids even though they initially have no d esire to. A student athletes’ worth is determine by their performance in their given sport and at times such students are pressured into taking steroids by their teammates in order to improve their performance and win championships. Even though they dont want to take steroids the pressure to perform and be part of the team often causes young athletes to take steroids which places them on the path for future health complications in the future. Conclusion Based on what has been presented in this paper so far it can be seen that steroid usage among athletes not only is a highly unethical method of competing within a sport but it also sends the wrong message to adolescents that all they need to do in order to become a sports superstar is to take steroids. While it may be true that steroids do indeed boost athletic performance to considerable levels the fact remains that in the end if such athletes are found out they tarnish the reputations of the sport and ruin the sense of fair play and competition that is the basis for most sporting events. Not only that the rising rates of adolescent steroid usage can be assumed as being directly connected to steroid usage within major sports as well and as such players that use steroids can be considered ethically liable for health conditions adolescents that take steroids will suffer since they act as their role models. It is based on the findings of this paper that it can be stated that steroids should not be used for advancement in sports due to both the negative reputation it gives to certain sports and the fact that adolescents look up to their sports heroes as the basis for their own attitude in competitive events. Reference List Bahrke, M. S., Yesalis, C. E., Kopstein, A. N., Stephens, J. A. (2000). Risk Factors Associated With Anabolic-Androgenic Steroid Use Among Adolescents. Sports  Medicine, 29(6), 397-405. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Denham, B. E. (2000). Performance-Enhancing Drug Use in Amateur and Profes sional Sports: Separating the Realities from the Ramblings. Culture, Sport, Society, 3(2), 56. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Feinberg, J. M. (2009). College Students Perceptions of Athletes Who Cheat: The Role of Performance and History. Journal of Sport Behavior, 32(4), 460. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Hassan, N. A., Salem, M. F., Sayed, M. L. (2009). Doping and effects of anabolic androgenic steroids on the heart: histological, ultrastructural, and echocardiographic assessment in strength athletes. Human Experimental  Toxicology, 28(5), 273-283. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Kuehn, B. M. (2009). Teen Steroid, Supplement Use Targeted. JAMA: Journal of the  American Medical Association, 302(21), 2301. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Lumia, A. R., McGinnis, M. Y. (2010). Impact of anabolic androgenic steroids on adolescent males. Physiology Behavior, 100(3), 199-204. Mannie, K. (2004). DESIGNER STEROIDS: UGLY, DANGEROUS THinGs. Coach   Athletic Director, 73(9), 14. Retrieved from EBSCOhost . Silvester, J. L. (2006). ANABOLIC STEROIDS AT THE 1972 OLYMPICS!. Coach   Athletic Director, 76(3), 11. Retrieved from EBSCOhost.

Effects of quantitative easing on food prices Research Paper

Effects of quantitative easing on food prices - Research Paper Example He stated that the United States is the leader and the rest of the countries seem to be trailing the footsteps of us. The more money countries print the higher the prices of goods grow. Thus, if countries want to end the uphill trajectory and the volatility of prices, then they need to turn off the printing presses and let interest rates rise. This statement shows the effect of quantitative easing on prices of commodities including food (Schiff, n.p.). Under normal circumstances, whenever there are quantitative easing, prices for foodstuff will be on the rise, since the money around or being in circulation increases. While the agricultural production, as well as food being manufactured in industries could be the same as it were before, quantitative easing increases the price of foodstuff as it has been commonly believed and in some cases proven that easy money reliably drives up the price. Fredrick Kaufman, writer of â€Å"A Short History of the American Stomach† and an editor to the Harper’s Magazine stated that quantitative easing brings up a new level of volatility in the markets. Because of the introduction of more billions of dollars in the market, food prices have increased because a lot of money in the market means inflation that causes a rise in the price of things. Kaufman argues that it is true quantitative easing has led to increase in food prices he goes further to say that we cannot blame quantitative easing alone because demand and supply, climate change, and speculations are also serious contributors to the volatility in the commodities market (Schiff, n.p.). As money increases and becomes more available so does the prices of food stuff rise and affect people differently because of the differences in the economic status of people, in that society. The poor are affected negatively, since they do not feel the real impact of quantitative easing. Thus, some people have been quoted making statements saying that if only the world was poor and starving masses understood the benefits of  Quantitative Easing, they would perhaps not riot in the streets over increasing  food prices. This shows the real effect of quantitative easing on foodstuff. People must simply be educated to understand the concept of quantitative easing. For instance, the prices of major foodstuff wheat and corn are being towered so are the profits at Goldman Sachs, according to Eric Fry of  the Daily Reckoning. In his article, Eric goes further to say that the passing food problems of the poor people in places that they occupy are a minimal price to pay for the resurgent economic activity in other places. Moreover, if people do not make much money in one place, they cannot send any handouts to other places. This logic seems to inspire Chairman of Bernanke’s QE campaigns. This already is a proof that quantitative easing causes an increase on food prices and hits the poor people with detrimental effects when the prices of foods are raised because they cannot access the money said to be available (Fry, n.p.). The fact that quantitative easing increases food prices also means that it makes the availability of food scarce to many people. Quantitative easing makes the prices of stocks to shoot up and influence people to feel that they have more money, something that makes them spend

Tab M Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Tab M - Essay Example The present duty of the Missouri Secretary of State includes overseeing different crucial areas, which are generally election related, business related and other government related operations. In the election related operations, the Secretary of State often play the role of the main election official during the state elections. Secretary of State also regulates the office where registration of candidate takes place. In business duties, the Secretary of State is responsible for the registration of all the profit and non-profit based organizations within the state. Additionally, the Secretary of State does have to keep an eye over the libraries and archives of the state along with handling of other operations such as issuing of automobile registrations among others (sos.mo.gov, â€Å"Publications & Forms†). The ‘Streamlined Sales and the Use of Tax Agreement (SSUTA)’ is generally a kind of agreement implemented by the government of the United States, so as to carry out the sales process and the tax administration system within the member states in a simplified and transparent manner (mobudget.org, â€Å"Streamlined Sales And 2 Use Tax Agreement†). Currently, SSUTA is implemented with the prime intention of making Missouri capable enough to adopt the definition along with the procedures of the sales tax that has been agreed upon by all the 22 member states (Blouin, â€Å"Missouri House Committee Substitute Streamlined Sales Tax Bill Contains Significant Negative Policy Consequences†). The Streamline Sales tax Project (SSTP) is highly effective in simplifying the tax regulations and the sales process. The guidelines of the SSTP have subsequently helped multiple states within US in terms of upgrading their sales and tax systems (Streamlined Sales tax Project, â€Å"Welcome to the Streamlined Sales Tax Registration System†). The archives of the Missouri

Casualties of War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Casualties of War - Essay Example A new member of the unit is introduced called Erikson Fox and is unjaded by the violence and brutality that is happening around him. This team faced several frustrations in the field and decided to invade a village where they also kidnap a young girl, Oah who they raped and violated both emotionally and physically. They made the young woman to be their slave and made her run all the errands for them, Eriksson then refuse to take part in the torture and slavery and decided to attempt setting her free. Unfortunately, after some time, the young woman is buttered and eventually killed by Meserves’s unit under Eriksson’s watch; he was unable to do anything to stop them. Even though he failed to secure justice for the woman, Eriksson continued to seek for justice for the woman but nobody listened to his plea but continued to push for justice until the military unit were brought to a military tribunal. Eriksson became unrelenting quest for the victim’s justice whom he thought was brutal and unfairly treated by the units of solders he was serving with in the same unit. In the unit, different personalities are depicted with reference to the unfolding; Sean is portrayed as a highly effective part of the team and was instrumental in moving the unit forward. On Michael Fox, he is portrayed as a naà ¯ve recruit of the team with good qualities at the same time, on the other hand, the performance of Thuy Le was rather heart wrenching. This movie directed by Brian considers the aspects of brutality adopted by Merseve and the unit he controlled during the period of the war while at the same time includes the dissenting voice of Eriksson. It should also be noted that this movies was based on the Daniel Lang’s article referred to as New Yorker and series of subsequent books. Casualties of War in my opinion remains one of the best films depicting war in an emotionally manipulated way while remaining effective too. It illustrates the demonizing effects f the war and at the same time demonstrate that it is no the way through. In the films, what comes ou t clearly is the fact that it is only the foolish and the laziest that will seek refuge in war. It also depicts how wholesome failure of humanity can lead to the institutional violence and this in the film is construed on how this can shape people’s thinking to the extent that they simply dismiss actions without justification or rationale. In that regard, Eriksson position not to partake on the Vietnam’s was and the eventual resistance that confronted him when he insisted of doing the right things simply demonstrates the extent the film has gone to move beyond the theatre of war and cites failures of the institution of humanity. After a keen follow of the film, it is construable that there are many issues that the Americans did in the Vietnam War than just what is conventional in the public domain. American Involvement in the War It will be remembered that the US and the USSR after the Second World War were in superiority rivalry in which the US supported capitalist co untries and the USSR extended the same to the communist’s sympathizers. One such area where the confrontation of the two major worlds power after the events of 1945 took place was in Vietnam. The US, supported the Southern Vietnam given the fact that they supported communism, on the other the USSR supported the Northern Vietnam on their position on communism. The US took the responsibility to help countries that were under coercion in accepting those ideologies that they did not subscribe to through military and economic support. Making reference to the film, Merseve and Eriksson experienced tension in their relation in the military unit given the fact

Controversial Subject Rebuttal Essay Example for Free

Controversial Subject Rebuttal Essay On August 29, 2005, the Gulf Coast was struck with one of the most unforgettable natural disasters in American History. The effects of Hurricane Katrina have been shattering and long-lasting. However, could the question been plausibly raised whether or not to rebuild New Orleans? Evidently it was. Lance Winslow, freelance writer, from California did just that in an article titled: Why did God Destroy New Orleans with Hurricane Katrina? Winslow states â€Å"Many people believe that God was real angry at mankind and got a wild hair up his butt and sent Hurricane Katrina into the Gulf Shore and New Orleans to teach people a lesson†¦and if it was a lesson did the little human learn anything? It appears they did not. Humans in their ultimate defiance are rebuilding the city under sea level as before† (Winslow, n. d. ). Winslow included no resources or data to back his opinion. There can be no reliability or credibility attached to this article; however; for those who have been victims of Hurricane Katrina these words create an emotional anger, which is verbally indescribable. Loss of personal possessions are only one aspect of devastation, but the loss of homestead, life as it once was, people and places, which once represented home, and the cultures that make each person a unique individual are characteristics that can never be replaced. History and People of New Orleans Historically the people who inhabited early New Orleans came from many groups including Native American, French, African, and Caribbean islands. No group was dominant in the early days and there was a mixing of the cultures. From this mixing came a unique culture that influenced food, music, architecture, and language. New Orleans became one of Americas’ most unique cities with its multicultural influence and it joie de vivre (joy of life) attitude (A Brief History of New Orleans, n. d. ). The Act of God In the Acts of God department: the catastrophe in New Orleans is the result of human error, not divine malice. Hurricane Katrina’s winds and rain were naturally disastrous, there is no question. However, the massive and catastrophic destruction that affected this beloved city was a result of flooding that occurred because of the failure of the levees. The primary responsibility for that tragic turn of events, and for fixing it, lies directly with the U. S.  Army Corps of Engineers, who have admitted as much (Piazza, 2006) . Anyone that asks the question should New Orleans be rebuilt needs to consider, what happens to the people in San Francisco when it gets destroyed again by an earthquake? Should the government tell them, Sorry, you should have not built on a fault line. What will be done when Los Angeles is ravaged by wildfires and mudslides? How should the government proceed in helping other citizen’s homeland or any other national treasure? Economic Reasons Those who argue the question whether to rebuild New Orleans also fail to consider the costs associated with abandoning New Orleans. The country would suffer economically with its abandonment: more than 500 million tons of cargo comes through the port of New Orleans each year, and 13% of the imported petroleum enters the United States through the Louisiana Offshore Oil Port (Villere, n. d. ). Certainly anyone who relies on the import and export of grain, textiles, hard or dry goods of any sort, electronics, and automobiles, which is to say anyone in the United States, depends on the health of New Orleans as a port. Anyone who uses petroleum products should recognize the importance of New Orleans and Louisiana in general to supply oil. It would be amiss to forget to mention that the Gulf Coast is second only to Alaska as a source of seafood (Piazza, 2006). For those who have taken this attitude, it sounds as if they are just writing off the United part of the United States. To paraphrase Ben Franklin, â€Å"We must all hang together or we will certainly hang separately. † President George W. Bush on September 16, 2005, while standing in Jackson Square, in the heart of the French Quarter, stated â€Å"All who question the future of the Crescent City need to know: There is no way to imagine America without New Orleans and this great city will rise again† (Taipei Times, 2005) .

Jonathan Swifts Gullivers Travels Essay -- Jonathan Swift Gullivers

Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels In Gulliver’s travels I think that Jonathan Swift is trying to show people what human society is really like. He does this through 4 voyages each to a different imaginary place, where the people are a satire of a different aspect of human society, and in each voyage Swift is telling us what he thinks of human society through what Gulliver says, and what he sees. Many people have described the book negatively for example William Thackeray, an 1850’s novelist described it as, â€Å"Filthy in word, filthy in thought, furious, raging, obscene,† and indeed over the two and a half centuries since it was first published it has caused a lot of controversy and has divided opinions. Gulliver’s first voyage is to a place called Lilliput. The Lilliputians are small people, about 6 inches high, and this is a metaphor for their small-mindedness. Gulliver criticises the way the Lilliputians elect their ministers- by doing circus tricks, â€Å"†¦with a dance on the rope and whoever jumps the highest succeeds in office.† This quote is showing that Swift is annoyed that people have to ‘jump through hoops’ to get into office. This is one of the stupid laws in Lilliput. This is like politics in the 18th century and even now, in that the rich were the only ones in parliament in the 18th century, and now it is mostly the rich in parliament because they are the only ones who can finance a campaign. Another law is no urinating in the palace. When a fire breaks out in the palace Gulliver does not want it to burn down, â€Å"This magnificent palace would have infallibly been burned to the ground,† so he urinates on it to put it out. Then the king of lilliput makes several articles against Gulliver. This... ...like the ‘quack’ doctors, and the drunks who use all their family’s money on alcohol. Also, swift shows the flaws of mankind and wants to improve it. I know this because he wrote about good people like the Brobdignagians and the Houyhnhnms, as I said before. Swift also only tells us about what has happened to him, so if he has only had bad experiences with, for example politicians, then he can only make bad comments about them. However, Gulliver doesn’t tell us about any good people in England at the time, or any good experiences he had had with people, he focuses on the bad. In conclusion, I think that Jonathan Swift is not misanthropic in his presentation of human society because he only comments on what he knows, and his main aim is to make the world better, and the best way to do this it to tell people in simple terms, in a story of a popular genre.

Literary Analysis of Feminism Seen in Antigone and A Doll’s House Essay

Susan B. Anthony once said, â€Å"The true republic: men, their rights and nothing more; women, their rights and nothing less.† In the plays Antigone, by Sophocles, and A Doll’s House, by Henrik Ibsen, strong women overcome restrictions and limitations placed upon them by their society and gender. In Antigone, Antigone chooses to defy Creon, her ruler, uncle, and a male authority figure, to support what she believes is right, which is burying her brother and respecting the gods. Though it was forbidden for her brother to be buried because of Creon’s decree, she resists, and in doing so, feels empowered and discovers what a strong woman she truly is. Similarly, in A Doll’s House, Nora is hindered by how the society in which she lives views women and their capabilities. After saving her husband’s life and keeping the secret of a forgery that could potentially destroy her marriage, Nora discovers that her husband is not who she thinks he is when he tu rns on her as soon as his reputation is threatened. Through leaving her husband, Helmer, she aims to make a life for herself and become her own person rather than just her husband’s â€Å"doll.† Both of these women, Antigone and Nora, make choices that are unheard of for their time periods and that demonstrate the importance of equal relationships between women and men. Through Sophocles and Ibsen’s plays, women in modern times can understand how women are repressed and subservient to men in male-dominated societies. An understanding of the restrictions placed on women requires an analysis of the characters’ submission to men, the expectations placed upon them by society, and their search to find their inner voices through their struggles to be heard. The expectations placed on women by society ... ...ce, and become independent women, even if they go against society’s or their male ruler’s wishes. Sophocles and Ibsen alike portray strong women who defy society’s expectations, do not bend to the wills of men, and who discover themselves while fighting for their rights. The actions taken by Nora and Antigone are remarkable for the time periods in which they live, especially with patriarchal societies. By analyzing these plays, women can determine how to become independent and not always conform to society’s expectations, just as Nora and Antigone do. Relationships between men and women are changing, through time, to become more equal and accepting of strong-willed women. Women worldwide are slowly shrugging off the chains of restrictions placed upon them by the males in their lives and are growing confident enough in themselves to make changes for the better.

My Own Interpretation of Mandela’s 8 Lessons in Leaders

That is why I also wanted to share to you Mandela’s 8 lessons of Leadership: 1. Courage is not the absence of fear — it’s inspiring others to move beyond it In tackling life’s challenges, you must face fear head-on and find the guts that you may not falter when life is giving you a hard time. There are people who wanted to see you fall and you must find courage to stand up to them. Having courage does not mean being reckless or stupid but rather it means to hold your head up, look them in the eye. Do the right thing even when you stand alone and it eventually will pay off in the end 2. Lead from the front — but don’t leave your base behind Hey, it’s great to be a leader, right? There are privileges like less work for you and more work for your subordinates and get the credit from the efforts of your colleagues-NO, this is a very wrong notion. They will never respect you as a leader if you lead them an iron fist. What’s the point of being a leader if no one will follow you? Move with the principle that others matter as well and do what’s best for your group, not just you. Be honest and fair. Work hard. Play hard. Do your homework. Know what you are talking about and they will follow. Don’t ever mistake arrogance and intelligence for the same thing for they are quite different. Life will eventually teach you humility if your ego will swell up. 3. Lead from the back — and let others believe they are in front Sometimes, it’s kind of nice to take a few steps back and let others lead as well while you still lead them. Why not? Give others opportunity to prove themselves that they are capable to lead and let them discover their potentials too. Maybe you could even learn a thing or two from them. Not all great ideas come from one brain but rather a group of brains. When they eventually get off-track, you’re still there to guide them back like a shepherd guiding a lost sheep. 4. Know your enemy — and learn about his favorite sport Truth is you cannot please everybody and there are some people would not favor you leading them. That irritates you, doesn’t it? Often, the people who anger us most in life are more like us than we’d like to admit. Don’t ignore them. Get to know them. Find out what makes them tick. Maybe they just want your attention. Maybe they just want a duty. Give them something to do for change. See how they fare. Now, at some point, you may need to cut your losses and move on down the road. However, you may inadvertently find out your enemy is all of a sudden your good friend. 5. Keep your friends close — and your rivals even closer You’re not alone and there leaders like you as well but with different personalities, capabilities, and leaderships styles. Some of these leaders may agree to you and favor your leadership skills but there are other does not. Still, it is not wrong to have a little healthy competition and learn to appreciate what life gives you because not all life is easy. Again, you have to be strong and be firm for the people who follow you. When things go out of hand, always use diplomacy. 6. Appearances matter — and remember to smile Love yourself first before others. How can you serve other people when you could not serve yourself right? Appearances really do matter especially if you’re a student nurse rendering service to your patient. If your patient sees that you could not take care of yourself, he/she will have second thoughts or doubts in cooperating with you. Being neat and clean will give you an edge. Remember to smile because this stuff is contagious. When you clumsily tripped yourself, you should make a fast recovery with grace and smile because they want strong leaders who could recover fast from a tragic fall and continue the service. SMILE! 7. Nothing is black or white Life could be a burden sometimes when you have to make a decision, either it is small or big because not all of your decisions would favor the entire public and there always consequences. When that happens, first of all pray, it helps to meditate and ask for guidance from above and then think for a solution, it always works. Listen to all sides of the story before making rash decisions. All decisions especially a leader’s decision should be think through. Sleep on it if you must. Don’t let emotions cloud your judgment. This is a very common to student nurses during RLE: when in doubt, don’t or ask your clinical instructor about it, it always works, try it they won’t bite†¦sometimes. 8. Quitting is leading too I flinched when I heard this one but I tend to like it. It is cliche to say: â€Å"do not ever give up, try and try until you succeed, and quitting is for losers† but what if you run out of ideas, too tired to hold on, groping for answers in the dark and hopelessly praying for â€Å"give me more TIME†. Why not tomorrow? Hey, there are always tomorrow right? Don’t tire yourself you’re only human. If you sense that you’re losing a battle, sound a retreat, let your army rest and fight for another day, maybe your enemy needs a rest too you know. Sometimes in life doesn’t work out. Just step back and take a deep breath. Move on and do something else or the alternative. Don’t squander your life in the boulevard of broken dreams, just move on the other side of the road to start anew. A life of good leaders revolves around success and failure all the time. But just learn to accept what God has given you and learn to appreciate it. Do not dwell on failures but move on. Leaders experience too many sufferings and trials in order to strive for excellent service his/her fellows but it will be compensated with the achievements and recognitions he/she earned. The pieces of paper and awards on the wall are important. But they are not nearly as important as the journey you make and the people you meet along the way. CARPE DIEM!

Ruins of St Pauls Church essays

Ruins of St Pauls Church essays There exist a lot of historical places that are worth talking about in the world. One such historical place, which is found in China, is known as Macau. Macau is a city found on South Chinas coast and it counts among one of the oldest settlements of European origin. The town is most popular for its historical and cultural flair. Macau is a former Portuguese colony that exhibits both Chinese and Portuguese culture, which co-exist in harmony. One of the main attractions that makes Macau town popular is the Ruins of St Pauls church. The Ruins of St Pauls church is one of the most important landmarks of the city. As the name suggests, these are ruins of the old college and church of the Holy Mother of God, which was constructed in the 17th century. What remains of the building is a major stone facade, which is the only remainder of the building that was destroyed by fire in 1835.# Originally before it was destroyed by fire, the church of St Paul was the largest church in Asia. St Pauls church was initially built in the period between 1582 and 1682 by the Jesuits. The building of St Pauls housed both the church and the college, which was dedicated for the training of priests for Japan and China.# St Pauls church has undergone the tragedy of fire three times with the last being in 1835, initially it burned in 1595 and then later on in 1601, a fire that resulted into grave material loss to the Jesuits in Macau.# The fire resulted into the complete destruction of the church and serious damage to the college and adjacent residential houses. The church was, however, greatly compensated by the manner in which the merchants and the public in Macau rallied to come to the aid of the priests. The standing facade of the church of St Pauls is as a result of major rebuilding that took place after the church was destroyed by the 1601 fire tragedy. The rebuilding of the church began in 1602, taking adva...